Clark Gable
Clark Gable (
February 1,
1901 â€"
November 16,
1960) was an
Academy Award-winning
American film actor and the biggest
box office star of the early sound film era.
Clark Gable was born in
Cadiz,
Ohio, on February 1, 1901 to William H. Gable, an oil-well driller and prospector, and Adeline Hershelman. Gable had
German ancestry from both sides of his family tree; his maternal grandfather, John Hershelman, was German, as were Gable's paternal great-great-grandparents, Johan Frankenfield and Catharine Haupt. Contrary to popular belief, Gable never had a middle name but was registered simply as Clark Gable. He temporarily adopted his father's name as a teenager only to drop it again a few years later. (Spicer, Clark Gable, McFarland, pp. 7, 30)
When he was six months old, his sickly mother had him baptized
Roman Catholic. She died when he was ten months old, probably as the result of an aggressive
brain tumor. Following her death, Gable's father's family refused to countenance any notion of raising the child a Catholic, provoking an enmity with his late mother's side of the family. The dispute was resolved when the Protestant side agreed to allow young William Clark Gable to spend more time with his mother's Catholic relatives.
In
April 1903, Will Gable married Jennie Dunlap whose family came from the small neighboring Ohio town of
Hopedale. Will purchased land there and built a house and the new Gable family settled in. By
1917, Clark was in high school when his father's business had financial difficulties. Will decided to try his hand at farming and the family moved to
Ravenna, just outside of
Akron, but Clark had trouble settling down and soon left school to work in Akron's
tire factories.
After seeing a play which impressed him, Gable formed an ambition to be an actor, but he was not able to make a real start until he turned 21 and could inherit money that had been left to him. By then, Jennie had died. Deciding not to follow his father, Clark found work with several second-class theater companies and worked his way across the midwest to
Portland,
Oregon, where he found work as a
tie salesman in a department store. While there he met the grandson of the well-known actress,
Laura Hope Crews, who encouraged him back onto the stage and into another theater company. His acting coach was
Josephine Dillon, who had his teeth fixed and after some rigorous training eventually considered him ready to attempt a film career.
In
1924, with Josephine's financial aid, they went to
Hollywood where she became his manager and his first wife. Although he found work as an extra and bit player in such
silent films as
The Plastic Age starring
Clara Bow, Gable was not offered any major roles and so returned to the stage. It was only after his impressive appearance as the seething and desperate character Killer Mears in the play
The Last Mile that he was offered a contract with
MGM in 1930. Gable's first role in a sound picture was as the villain in a low-budget
William Boyd western called
The Painted Desert (1931). He received a great amount of
fan mail as a result of his powerful voice and appearance, which forced the studio to take notice.
He worked mainly in supporting roles, often as the "heavy", building his fame and public visibility during 1931 in such important movies as
A Free Soul, in which he played a gangster who slapped
Norma Shearer (Gable never played a supporting role again as long as he lived after that slap),
Susan Lennox: Her Rise and Fall with
Greta Garbo and
Possessed in which he and
Joan Crawford steamed up the screen with some of the passion they were sharing in real life. To bolster his rocketing popularity, MGM was now frequently pairing him with well-established female stars, such as
Jean Harlow. An enormously popular combo, Gable and Harlow were paired together in six films, the most notable being
Red Dust and
Saratoga, during production of which Harlow would die of
kidney failure. In the following years, he acted in a succession of enormously popular pictures which levitated him to megastar status, earning him the undisputed title of "King of Hollywood". Throughout most of the 1930s and 1940s, he was arguably the world's biggest movie star.
When
MGM head
Louis B. Mayer decided that Gable was getting difficult and ungrateful, he got a brilliant idea: loan Gable out to the lower-rank
Columbia studio; that would teach him a lesson. The result: Gable won the
Academy Award for Best Actor for his
1934 performance in the film
It Happened One Night. He returned to MGM a bigger star than ever.
Gable was once involved in a traffic accident while intoxicated. A pedestrian was killed. Supposedly, Mayer used his influence to get the incident hushed up. [source: CJAD Radio, May 14/ 06]
In 1930, Clark and Josephine Dillon were granted a divorce. A few days later, he married Texas socialite Ria Franklin Prentiss Lucas Langham. After moving to
California, they had to be married again in 1931, possibly due to differences in state legal requirements.
Despite his reluctance at the time to appear in the role, Gable is best known for his performance as
Rhett Butler in the 1939 classic
Gone with the Wind, which earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. At the time, Gable was wary of potentially disappointing a public who had decided no one else could play the part.
A few years before, Gable had also earned an
Academy Award nomination for his role as
Fletcher Christian in 1935's
Mutiny on the Bounty. In addition, Gable was one of the few actors to play the lead in three films that won an
Academy Award for Best Picture. Decades later, Gable would say that whenever his career would start to fade, a re-release of
Gone With the Wind would instantly revive everything, and he continued as a top leading man for the rest of his life.
Gable's marriage in
1939 to his third wife, successful actress
Carole Lombard, was reportedly the happiest period of his personal life. They purchased a ranch at Encino and once Clark had become accustomed to her often blunt verbal expression, they found they had much in common.
Then, on
January 16,
1942, the idyll ended. Lombard, who had just wrapped her 57th film,
To Be Or Not To Be, was on a tour to sell war bonds when the twin-engine DC-3 she was travelling in crashed into a mountain near
Las Vegas. Upon hearing the news, Gable flew to the scene and had to be forcibly restrained from climbing the snowcapped mountain himself in an effort to rescue her. After Carole's body was recovered, he reportedly sobbed, " Oh, God! I don't want to go back to an empty house..."
Lombard's death, declared the first war-related female casualty the U.S. suffered during
WWII, was the worst loss her husband ever endured. Gable lived out his life at the couple's Encino home, made 27 more movies and even remarried twice. "But he was never the same," said
Esther Williams. "His heart sank a bit."
|
Clark Gable with 8th AF in Britain, 1943 |
Devastated and inconsolable by the loss of Lombard, Gable soon joined the
U.S. Army Air Forces. As Captain Clark Gable he trained with and accompanied the
351st Heavy Bomb Group as head of a 6-man motion picture unit making a gunnery training film. While at
RAF Polebrook,
England, Gable flew five combat missions, including one to Germany, as an observer-gunner in
B-17 Flying Fortresses between
May 4 and
September 23,
1943, earning the
Air Medal and the
Distinguished Flying Cross for his efforts. He left the Army Air Forces with the rank of
Major.
When Gable died, his fifth wife, Kay, agreed to have him buried in LA's Forest Lawn Cemetery, next to Carole Lombard.
His first movie after returning from service in
WWII was the 1945 production of
Adventure. It was a critical and commercial failure and, despite some subsequent popular successes such as
Mogambo (a remake of
Red Dust, which he had made two decades earlier), Gable became increasingly unhappy with the mediocre roles offered him by MGM as a mature actor. He refused to renew his contract with them in 1953 and proceeded to work independently.
In 1949, Clark married
Sylvia Ashley, a British divorcée who also was the widow of
Douglas Fairbanks. Unfortunately, this relationship was profoundly unsuccessful and they divorced in 1952.
His fifth wife, married after an on-again, off-again affair spanning thirteen years, was Kay Spreckels (full name Kathleen Williams Capps de Alzaga Spreckels), a thrice-married former fashion
model and stock actress. She was the mother of Gable's son,
John Clark Gable, born on
March 20,
1961, four months after Clark's death. She also had two children from her third marriage, Joan and Adolph Spreckels III (nicknamed "Bunker").
Gable also had a daughter,
Judy Lewis (b.
1935), the result of an affair with actress
Loretta Young, begun on the set of
Call of the Wild. In an elaborate scheme, Young took an extended vacation and went to
Europe to give birth. On her return, she claimed to have adopted Judy (a gambit that got stranger when the child grew to look eerily like her mother, only with ears sticking out like Gable's).
According to Lewis, Gable visited her home once, but he didn't tell her that he was her father. While neither Gable nor Young would ever publicly acknowledge their daughter's real parentage, this fact was so widely known that in Lewis's autobiography
Uncommon Knowledge, she wrote that she was shocked to learn of it from other children at school. Loretta Young would never officially acknowledge the fact, which she said would be the same as admitting to a "venial sin". However, she finally gave her biographer permission to include it only on the condition the book not be published until after Young's death.
Gable's last film was
The Misfits (written by
Arthur Miller and directed by
John Huston), which co-starred
Marilyn Monroe and
Montgomery Clift.
The Misfits would prove not only to be Gable's
swan song, but it would also mark the final completed performance by Marilyn Monroe. Many critics regard Gable's performance in his final film to be his finest. Gable died in
Los Angeles,
California in November 1960, the result of a fourth
heart attack. He was 59.
There was much speculation about Gable's physically demanding
Misfits role (which required yanking on and being dragged by horses) having contributed to his sudden death soon afterward. In a widely reported quote, Kathleen Gable blamed it on stress caused by "the endless waiting... waiting (for Monroe)". Monroe, on the other hand, claimed that she and Kathleen had become close during the filming and would refer to Clark as "Our Man". (Spicer,
Clark Gable, McFarland, pp. 300-301). Others have blamed Gable's
crash diet before filming began; for years, Gable's head would sometimes shake from the diet pills he would take to strip off pounds before making a film, a practice which may have contributed to his early death. It should be noted that Gable was in poor health when filming began from years of heavy smoking and drinking, and in the previous decade had suffered two seizures which may have been heart attacks.
Clark Gable is interred in
Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in
Glendale, California, beside his beloved
Carole Lombard.
Feature films
*
White Man (1924)
*
Forbidden Paradise (1924)
*
Declassee (1925)
*
The Merry Widow (1925)
*
The Plastic Age (1925)
*
North Star (1925)
*
The Johnstown Flood (1926)
*
One Minute to Play (1926)
*
The Painted Desert (1931)
*
The Easiest Way (1931)
*
Dance, Fools, Dance (1931)
*
The Finger Points (1931)
*
The Secret Six (1931)
*
Laughing Sinners (1931)
*
A Free Soul (1931)
*
Night Nurse (1931)
*
Sporting Blood (1931)
*
Susan Lenox (Her Fall and Rise) (1931)
*
Possessed (1931)
*
Hell Divers (1931)
*
Polly of the Circus (1932)
*
Red Dust (1932)
*
No Man of Her Own (1932)
*
Strange Interlude (1932)
*
The White Sister (1933)
*
Hold Your Man (1933)
*
Night Flight (1933)
*
Dancing Lady (1933)
*
It Happened One Night (1934)
*
Men in White (1934)
*
Manhattan Melodrama (1934)
*
Chained (1934)
*
Forsaking All Others (1934)
*
After Office Hours (1935)
*
China Seas (1935)
* The Call of the Wild (1935)
* Mutiny on the Bounty (1935)
* Wife vs. Secretary (1936)
* San Francisco (1936)
* Cain and Mabel (1936)
* Love on the Run (1936)
* Parnell (1937)
* Saratoga (1937)
* Test Pilot (1938)
* Too Hot to Handle (1938)
* Idiot's Delight (1939)
* Gone With the Wind (film) (1939)
* Strange Cargo (1940)
* Boom Town (1940)
* Comrade X (1940)
* They Met in Bombay (1941)
* Honky Tonk (1941)
* Somewhere I'll Find You (1942)
* Adventure (1945)
* The Hucksters (1947)
* Homecoming (1948)
* Command Decision (1948)
* Any Number Can Play (1949)
* Key to the City (1950)
* To Please a Lady (1950)
* Across the Wide Missouri (1951)
* Callaway Went Thataway (1951) (cameo)
* Lone Star (1952)
* Never Let Me Go (1953)
* Mogambo (1953)
* Betrayed (1954)
* Soldier of Fortune (1955)
* The Tall Men (1955)
* The King and Four Queens (1956)
* Band of Angels (1957)
* Run Silent, Run Deep (1958)
* Teacher's Pet (1958)
* But Not for Me (1959)
* It Started in Naples (1960)
* The Misfits'' (1961)
Documentaries and short subjects
*
The Pacemakers (1925) (short subject)
*
The Merry Kiddo (1925) (short subject)
*
What Price Gloria? (1925) (short subject)
*
The Christmas Party (1931) (short subject)
*
Jackie Cooper's Birthday Party (1931) (short subject)
*
Screen Snapshots (1932) (short subject)
*
Hollywood on Parade No. 9 (1933) (short subject)
*
Hollywood Hobbies (1935) (short subject)
*
Starlit Days at the Lido (1935) (short subject)
*
Hollywood Party (1937) (short subject)
*
The Candid Camera Story (Very Candid) of the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures 1937 Convention (1937) (short subject)
*
Hollywood Goes to Town (1938) (short subject)
*
Screen Snapshots: Stars on Horseback (1939) (short subject)
*
Hollywood Hobbies (1939) (short subject)
*
Northward, Ho! (1940) (short subject)
*
You Can't Fool a Camera (1941) (short subject)
*
Combat America (1943) (documentary)
*
Show Business at War (1943) (short subject)
*
Wings Up (1943) (short subject)
*
Screen Snapshots: Hollywood in Uniform (1943) (short subject)
*
Screen Actors (1950) (short subject)
*The 6 feet 1 inch (185 cm) Gable had dark brown hair and hazel eyes. He had a muscular build, and weighed about 190 pounds (86 kg) at the time of
Gone With the Wind. He wore a 44-long suit. Later in life, his hair grayed, his face weathered, and he put on considerable weight (in his late 50s, he weighed 230 pounds). He
chain smoked and liked
whiskey. To get in shape for
The Misfits, he went on a severe diet and dropped to 195 lbs.
*Gable had a reputation as an outdoorsman. At first, it was an image conceived by the MGM publicity department, but Gable found that he liked the lifestyle, and spent time in the outdoors whenever he could.
*The sixth track on the
the Postal Service's debut album,
Give Up is entitled "Clark Gable." The song includes the lyric
"I kissed you in a style Clark Gable would have admired (I thought it classic)," paying homage to Mr. Gable's film career.
*His name was part of the inspiration for the name of
Superman's alter ego,
Clark Kent, the other half coming from
Kent Taylor.
*Clark disliked
Greta Garbo and the feeling was mutual. She thought he was a wooden actor while he considered her to be a snob.
*During production of "Saratoga", co-star
Jean Harlow died of kidney failure. 90% completed, the remaining scenes were filmed with long shots or doubles. Gable would say that during the remaining 10%, he felt as if he were "in the arms of a ghost".
*In the British comedy
Monty Python and the Holy Grail, the knights of the round table mention that they enjoy impersonating Clark Gable.
*
Adolf Hitler esteemed Gable above all other actors, and during the Second World War offered a sizable reward to anyone who could capture and return Gable unscathed to him.
Spicer, Chrystopher J.
Clark Gable: Biography McFarland, 2002
*
A Clark Gable Tribute *
at A Tribute to Clark Gable *
Classic Movies (1939 – 1969): Clark Gable*
Clark GABLE : Biographie, filmographie, galerie etc.*
Clark Gable in Thunderbolt! - Watch the entire movie online
*
Combat America Part 1*
Combat America Part 2*
Combat America Part 3*
Combat America Part 4*
Clark Gable's Gravesite*
Last Will and Testament of Clark Gable
