1852
1852 (MDCCCLII) was a
leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the
Gregorian calendar (or a
leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day-slower
Julian calendar).
*
January 14 - President
Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic.
*
January 17 -
United Kingdom recognizes independence of the
Transvaal*
Devil's Island penal colony opens
*
February 3 -
Battle of Caseros or
Battle of Monte Caseros,
Argentina. The Argentinean provinces of
Entre Rios and
Corrientes allied with
Brazil and members of
Colorado Party of Uruguay, defeats Buenos Aires troops under
Juan Manuel Rosas.
*
February 11 - First
British public toilet for women opens in Bedford Street,
London*
February 15 -
Great Ormond St Hospital for Sick Children,
London, admits first patient
*
February 16 -
Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the
automobile manufacturer, is established
*
February 19 - The
Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded at
Jefferson College in
Canonsburg, Pennsylvania*
March 1 -
Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton appointed
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland*
April 1 - Start of
Second Burmese War*
September 24 - French engineer
Henri Giffard makes the first
airship trip from
Paris to
Trappes*
October 6 - In
Mexico, French settlers under Count
Gaston Raousset-Boulbon occupy the city of
Hermosillo and declare the Republic of
Sonora. The attempt falters when the count contracts
dysentery*
November 2 -
Democrat Franklin Pierce of
New Hampshire defeats
Whig Winfield Scott of
Virginia in the
U.S. presidential election*
November 4 -
Count Cavour becomes
Piedmont prime minister
*
November 11 - New
Palace of Westminster opened in
Britain*
November 21/
November 22 New French Empire confirmed by plebiscite: 7,824,000
for, 253,000
against*
December 2 -
Napoleon III becomes Emperor of
France.
*
December 31-
Richard Owen hosts a party inside a plaster
Iguanodon.
* French replace
semaphores with Morse
telegraphs
* Justin Perkins, an American
Presbyterian missionary, produces the first translation of the
Bible in
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, which is published with the parallel text of the
Syriac Peshitta by the American Bible Society
*
Uncle Tom's Cabin published
*
January 8 -
James Milton Carroll, Baptist pastor, leader, historian, and author (d.
1931)
*
January 11 -
Konstantin Fehrenbach,
Chancellor of Germany (d.
1926)
*
February 16 -
Charles Taze Russell - American preacher (d.
1916)
*
March 1 -
Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (d.
1923)
*
April 1 -
Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (d.
1911)
*
April 13 -
F.W. Woolworth, American merchant and businessman (d.
1919)
*
April 22 -
Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d.
1912)
*
May 1 -
Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1934)
*
May 4 -
Alice Pleasance Liddell, English schoolgirl inspiration for
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (d.
1934)
*
May 31 -
Julius Richard Petri, German bacteriologist (d.
1921)
*
July 12 -
Hipólito Yrigoyen,
President of Argentina (d.
1933)
*July -
Salluste Duval, Canadian inventor (d.
1917)
*
August 30 -
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1911)
*
September 12 -
Herbert Henry Asquith,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d.
1928)
*
September 15 -
Edward Bouchet, American physicist (d.
1918)
*
September 28 -
Henri Moissan, French chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1907)
*
October 2 -
William Ramsay, Scottish chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1916)
*
October 9 -
Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1919)
*
November 1 -
Eugene W. Chafin, American politician (d.
1920)
*
November 3 -
Mutsuhito of Japan,
Meiji Emperor (d.
1912)
*
November 11 -
Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d.
1925)
*
November 22 -
Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant, French diplomat, recipient of the
Nobel Peace Prize (d.
1924)
*
December 15 -
Henri Becquerel, French physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1908)
*
December 19 -
Albert Abraham Michelson, German-born physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1931)
*
January 6 -
Louis Braille, French teacher of the blind (b.
1809)
*
March 4 -
Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b.
1809)
*
April 17 -
Étienne Maurice Gérard,
Marshal of France and Prime Minister of France (b.
1773)
*
June 29 -
Henry Clay, American Senator (b.
1777)
*
July 22 -
Auguste Marmont, French marshal (b.
1774)
*
September 4 -
William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (b.
1796)
*
September 14 -
Augustus Pugin, English architect (b.
1812)
*
September 14 -
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b.
1769)
*
September 20 -
Philander Chase, American founder of Kenyon College (b.
1775)
*
October 24 -
Daniel Webster, American statesman (b.
1782)
*
November 27 -
Augusta Ada King (neé Byron), Countess of Lovelace, early English computer pioneer (b.
1815)
*
November 29 -
Nicolae Bălcescu, Wallachian revolutionary (b.
1819)
*
November 30 -
Junius Brutus Booth, English-born actor (b.
1796)
